印刷是指將文字、圖畫(huà)、照片等原稿經(jīng)制版、施墨、加壓等工序使油墨轉(zhuǎn)移到紙張、織品、皮革等材料的表面進(jìn)行批量復(fù)制原稿內(nèi)容的技術(shù)。有多種形式，常見(jiàn)的為傳統(tǒng)膠印、絲網(wǎng)印刷和數(shù)碼印刷等。所以，印刷的流程又分為三個(gè)階段。
Printing refers to the technology of transferring ink to the surface of paper, fabric, leather and other materials through plate making, inking and pressurization. There are many forms, such as traditional offset printing, screen printing and digital printing. Therefore, the printing process is divided into three stages.
印刷三個(gè)階段：
There are three stages of printing:
印前→指印刷前期的工作，一般指攝影、設(shè)計(jì)、制作、排版、輸出菲林打樣等；
Prepress → refers to the work in the early stage of printing, generally including photography, design, production, typesetting, output film proofing, etc;
印中→指印刷中期的工作，通過(guò)印刷機(jī)印刷出成品的過(guò)程；
Printing → refers to the work in the middle of printing and the process of printing finished products through the printing press;
印后→指印刷后期的工作，一般指印刷品的后加工包括過(guò)膠（覆膜）、過(guò)UV、過(guò)油、啤、燙金、擊凸、裝裱、裝訂、裁切等，多用于宣傳類和包裝類印刷品。
Post press → refers to the work in the later stage of printing, generally refers to the post-processing of printed matter, including gluing (laminating), UV, oil, beer, bronzing, embossing, mounting, binding, cutting, etc., which is mostly used for publicity and packaging printed matter.
印刷是一種對(duì)原稿圖文信息的復(fù)制技術(shù)，它的特點(diǎn)是，能夠把原稿上的圖文信息大量、經(jīng)濟(jì)地再現(xiàn)在各種各樣的承印物上，可以說(shuō)，而其成品還可以廣泛的流傳和保存，這是電影、電視、照相等其它復(fù)制技術(shù)無(wú)法與之相比的。
Printing is a reproduction technology of original graphic information. Its characteristic is that it can reproduce a large number of graphic information on the original on a variety of substrates economically. It can be said that its finished products can also be widely spread and preserved, which can not be compared with other reproduction technologies such as film, television and photography.
印刷品的生產(chǎn)，一般要經(jīng)過(guò)原稿的選擇或設(shè)計(jì)、原版制作、印版曬制、印刷、印后加工等五個(gè)工藝過(guò)程。也就是說(shuō)，選擇或設(shè)計(jì)適合印刷的原稿，然后對(duì)原稿的圖文信息進(jìn)行處理，制作出供曬版或雕刻印版的原版（一般叫陽(yáng)圖或陰圖底片），再用原版制出供印刷用的印版，把印版安裝在印刷機(jī)上，利用輸墨系統(tǒng)將油墨涂敷在印版表面，由壓力機(jī)械加壓，油墨便從印版轉(zhuǎn)移到承印物上，如此復(fù)制的大量印張，經(jīng)印后加工，便成了適應(yīng)各種使用目的成品。
The production of printed matter generally goes through five processes: original selection or design, original production, printing plate drying, printing and post printing processing. In other words, first select or design the original suitable for printing, then process the graphic information of the original, make the original for printing or engraving (generally called positive or negative negative negative), then make the printing plate for printing with the original, install the printing plate on the printing machine, apply the ink on the surface of the printing plate by the ink conveying system, and pressurize it by the pressure machine, The ink is transferred from the printing plate to the substrate. A large number of copies are processed after printing, and become finished products suitable for various purposes.
現(xiàn)在，人們常常把原稿的設(shè)計(jì)、圖文信息處理、制版統(tǒng)稱為印前處理，而把印版上的油墨向承印物上轉(zhuǎn)移的過(guò)程叫做印刷，這樣一件印刷品的完成需要經(jīng)過(guò)印前處理、印刷、印后加工等過(guò)程。
Now, people often call the original design, graphic information processing and plate making collectively as prepress processing, and the process of transferring the ink on the printing plate to the substrate is called printing. The completion of such a printed matter needs to go through the processes of prepress processing, printing and post press processing.
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